hash: hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...]
    Remember or display program locations.

    Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME.  If
    no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.

    Options:
      -d                forget the remembered location of each NAME
      -l                display in a format that may be reused as input
      -p pathname       use PATHNAME as the full pathname of NAME
      -r                forget all remembered locations
      -t                print the remembered location of each NAME, preceding
                each location with the corresponding NAME if multiple
                NAMEs are given
    Arguments:
      NAME              Each NAME is searched for in $PATH and added to the list
                of remembered commands.

    Exit Status:
    Returns success unless NAME is not found or an invalid option is given.

linux系统下会有一个hash表，当你刚开机时这个hash表为空，每当你执行过一条命令时，hash表会记录下这条命令的路径，就相当于缓存一样。第一次执行命令shell解释器默认的会从PATH路径下寻找该命令的路径，当你第二次使用该命令时，shell解释器首先会查看hash表，没有该命令才会去PATH路径下寻找。

hash表的作用：大大提高命令的调用速率。

-d 删除其中的一项

-l 显示所有的项目

-p 新添加一项，添加后就可以使用了

-r 忘记所有项

-t 可以查看hash表中命令的路径，如果没有就会报not found错误